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ZixuanZhang
ZixuanZhang
Ponder...

Elements of SO(3)

Every element of is a rotation fixing a line through the origin pointwise.

Lemma 9.16 (Elements Of )
If , the is a rotation.

Proof

By the reflection-generation theorem, an element of is either the identity or a product of two reflections in nonparallel planes. The intersection of the two planes is a line through the origin, and both reflections fix pointwise, so their composition fixes pointwise.

If a vector outside were fixed, the same comparison used for two-dimensional rotations would force the two normal vectors to be parallel. Therefore the transformation fixes exactly the line pointwise and is a rotation.

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