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ZixuanZhang
ZixuanZhang
Ponder...

Groups of Order 4

Every group of order is isomorphic to or the Klein -group .

Lemma 6.4 (Groups of Order 4)
If , then or .

Proof

Lagrange’s theorem gives element orders , , or . An element of order generates . Otherwise choose distinct non-trivial elements and ; their generated subgroups intersect trivially, have commuting elements, and their product is the whole group. The direct product theorem gives .

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